Biomedical Publications

2022

Does the Nice Knot offer less elongation than the modified Prusik Knot? An in vitro study in cadaver quadriceps tendons. Shahbaz Malik, Darren Hart, Sara Parashin, Jason Peeler, Sheila McRae, Peter MacDonald. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. Mar 1, 2022.

2020

Survivorship of constrained polyethylene inserts in primary total knee replacements
Kevin D. Stockwell, Trevor C. Gascoyne, Mandip Singh, Thomas R. Turgeon.
The Knee Volume 27, Issue 5, October 2020, Pages 1343-1348

Midterm Results of a Contemporary, Porous-Coated Acetabular System in Patients Undergoing Primary Total Hip Replacement for Degenerative Hip Disease: A Prospective, Multicenter Study Ian R Wilson, Thomas R Turgeon, Trevor C Gascoyne, Craig J Della Valle, Richard W McCalden. J Arthroplasty. 2020 Jul;35(7):1862-1867.

2019

In vivo wear measurement in a modern total knee arthroplasty with model-based radiostereometric analysis. Gascoyne T, Parashin S, Teeter M, Bohm E, Laende E, Dunbar M, Turgeon T. Bone Joint J. 2019 Nov;101-B(11):1348-1355.

Mid-term progressive loosening of hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems paired with a metal-on-metal bearing.Gascoyne T, Flynn B, Turgeon T, Burnell C. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019 Jul19;14(1):225.

2018

Retrieval Analysis of Large-Head Modular Metal-on-Metal Hip Replacements of a Single Design. Gascoyne TC, Turgeon TR, Burnell CD. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Jun;33(6):1945-1952.

Gascoyne TC, Lanting BA, Derksen KJ, Teeter MG, Turgeon TR. Damage Assessment of Retrieved Birmingham Monoblock Cups: Is Conversion to Dual-Mobility Head a Viable Revision Option? J Arthroplasty. 2018 Apr;33(4):1242-1246.

The assessment of the stability of the tibial component of a novel knee arthroplasty system using radiostereometric analysis. Turgeon TR, Gascoyne TC, Laende EK, Dunbar MJ, Bohm ER, Richardson CG. Bone Joint J. 2018 Dec;100-B(12):1579-1584.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a hybrid fixation revision total knee arthroplasty system at short to mid-term follow-up. Stockwell KD, Malleck S, Gascoyne TC, Turgeon TR.
Knee. 2018 Dec 12. pii: S0968-0160(18)30472-1.

Damage Assessment of Retrieved Birmingham Monoblock Cups: Is Conversion to Dual-Mobility Head a Viable Revision Option? Gascoyne T, Lanting B, Derksen K, Teeter M, Turgeon T.
J or Arthoplasty. 2018 April;33(4):1242-1246.

2017

Kinematic behavior of a customized surface-guided knee implant during simulated knee-bending. Pejhan S, Bohm E, Brandt JM, Gascoyne T, Wyss U. 2017. Med Eng Phys. 2017 Jul 6. pii: S1350-4533(17) 30157-1.

Radiostereometric analysis of keeled versus pegged glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty: a randomized feasibility study Gascoyne T, McRae S, Parashin S, Leiter J, Petrak M, Bohm E, MacDonald P. Can J Surg. 2017 Aug;60(4):273-279.

2016

Design and virtual evaluation of a customized surface-guided knee implant. Pejhan S, Bohm ER, Brandt J-M, Wyss UP. 2016. Proc Inst Mech Eng, Part H. Oct;230(10):949-61.

Failure analysis of a polyurethane acetabular buffer. Biant L, Gascoyne TC, Bohm ER, White T. 2016. Proc Inst Mech Eng, Part H. Mar;230(3):251-6.

In vivo fracture of a reverse total shoulder replacement humeral tray: A case report
MacDonald P, Petrak M, Gascoyne T, Bohm E. J Engineering in Medicine. 2016 Oct;230(12):1141-1147.

Retrieval analysis of a failed TriboFit polycarbonate urethane acetabular buffer
Biant L, Gascoyne T, Bohm E, Moran M. J Engineering in Medicine. 2016 Feb;230(3):251-256.

In Vivo Wear Performance of Cobalt-Chromium Versus Oxidized Zirconium Femoral Total Knee Replacements
Gascoyne T, Teeter M, Guenther L, Burnell C, Bohm E, Naudie D.
J of Arthroplasty. 2016 Jan;31(1):137-141.

2015

The biochemical characteristics of wear testing lubricants affect polyethylene wear in orthopaedic pin-on-disc testing. Guenther LE, Turgeon TR, Bohm ER, Brandt JM. 2015 Proc Inst Mech Eng H Jan;229(1):77-90.

Stem-Sleeve Junction Failure of a Modular Femoral Hip System: a Retrieval Analysis
Waly F, Abduljabbar F, Gascoyne T, Turgeon T, Huk O.
HSS Journal. 2015 Oct;11(3):285-290.

2014

An Energy dissipation and cross shear time dependent computational wear model for this analysis of polyethylene wear in total knee replacements. O’Brien S, Bohm ER, Petrak MJ, Wyss UP, Brandt JM. 2014. J Biomech Mar 21;47(5):1127-33.

Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid. Guenther LE, Pyle BW, Turgeon TR, Bohm ER, Wyss UP, Schmidt TA, Brandt JM. 2014. Proc Inst Mech Eng, Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine Feb;228(2):127-39.

The effects of patient positioning on the precision of model-based radiostereometric analysis. Gascoyne TC, Morrison JB, Turgeon TR. 2014. J Biomech Jun 3;47(8):1914-7.

Corrosion on the acetabular liner taper from retrieved modular metal-on-metal total hip replacements. Gascoyne TC, Dyrkacz RM, Turgeon TR, Burnell CD, Wyss UP, Brandt JM. 2014. J Arthroplasty Oct;29(10):2049-52.

Wear testing of crosslinked polyethylene: Wear rate variability and microbial contamination. Brandt JM, Vecherya A, Guenther LE, Koval SF, Petrak MJ, Bohm ER, Wyss UP.

2014. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater Jun;34:208-16.

Wear of a sequentially annealed polyethylene acetabular liner Gascoyne T, Petrak M, Turgeon T, Bohm E. Acta Ortho. 2014 Aug;85(5):470-473.

2013

The Influence of Head Size on Corrosion and Fretting Behaviour at the Head-Neck Interface of Artificial Hip Joints. Dyrkacz RM, Brandt JM, Ojo OA, Turgeon TR, Wyss UP. 2013. J Arthroplasty Jun;28(6):1036-40.

Computational Development of a Polyethylene wear model for the articular and backside surfaces in modular total knee replacements. O’Brien S, Luo Y, Wu C, Petrak MJ, Bohm ER, Brandt JM. 2013 Trib Intl Mar;59:284-291.

Longer Lasting Artificial Joint Designs with Higher Patient Satisfaction. Wyss U, Bohm ER, Brandt J-M. 2013. Fall (102):39-40.

Performance assessment of femoral knee components made from cobalt-chromium alloy and oxidized zirconium. Brandt JM, Guenther L, O’Brien S, Vecherya A, Turgeon TR, Bohm ER. Knee. 2013 Apr 11.

The influence of head size on corrosion and fretting behaviour at the head-neck interface of artificial hip joints. Dyrkacz RM, Brandt JM, Ojo OA, Turgeon TR, Wyss UP. J Arthroplasty. 2013 Jun;28(6):1036-40.

Abrasive wear and metallosis associated with cross-linked polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty O’Brien, S., Burnell, C., Hedden, D., Brandt, J.-M.; J Arthroplasty. 2013 Jan;28(1):197.

Clinical failure analysis of contemporary ceramic-on-ceramic total hip replacements Brandt JM, Gascoyne TC, Guenther LE, Allen A, Hedden DR, Turgeon TR, Bohm ER. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2013 Aug;227(8):833-46. Recipient of the Heinz-Mittelmeier Research Award (2013)

Fatal cardiomyopathy after revision total hip replacement for fracture of a ceramic liner Zywiel MG, Brandt JM, Overgaard CB, Cheung AC, Turgeon TR, Syed KA. Bone Joint J. 2013 Jan;95-B(1):31-7.

2012

Measurements of surface and subsurface damage in retrieved polyethylene tibial inserts of a contemporary design. Teeter MG, Brandt JM, Naudie DD, Bohm ER, McCalden RW, Holdsworth DW. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2012;22(1):21-31.

Retrieval analysis of modular total knee replacements: factors influencing backside surface damage. Brandt JM, MacDonald SJ, Bourne RB, Medley JB. Knee. 2012 Aug;19(4):306-15.

Prediction of backside micromotion in total knee replacements by finite element simulation. O’Brien S, Luo Y, Wu C, Petrak M, Bohm E, Brandt JM. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2012 Mar;226(3):235-45.

Calf serum constituent fractions influence polyethylene wear and microbial growth in knee simulator testing. Brandt JM, Charron K, Zhao L, MacDonald SJ, Medley JB. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2012 Jun;226(6):427-40.

The effect of adding tobramycin to Simplex P cement on femoral stem micromotion as measured by radiostereometric analysis Bohm E, Petrak M, Gascoyne T, Turgeon T.
Acta Ortho. 2012 Jan;83(2):115-120.

Dislocation in revision THA: do large heads (36 and 40 mm) result in reduced dislocation rates in a randomized clinical trial? Garbuz DS, Masri BA, Duncan CP, Greidanus NV, Bohm ER, Petrak MJ, Della Valle CJ, Gross AE. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Feb;470(2):351-6. Recipient of the Frank Stinchfield Award

Prediction of backside micromotion in total knee replacements by finite element simulation

O’Brien S, Luo Y, Wu C, Petrak M, Bohm E, Brandt JM. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2012 Mar;226(3):235-45.

2011

Accuracy of single–plane fluoroscopy in determining relative position and orientation of total knee replacement components. Acker, S.M., Li, R., Murray, H., St. John, P., Banks, S.A., Mu, S., Wyss, U.P., Deluzio, K.J. 2011. J of Biomechanics, 4:784-787.

Posterior condyle surface damage on retrieved femoral knee components. Burnell, C., Brandt, J.-M., Petrak, M.J., Bourne, R.B.; Journal of Arthroplasty. 2011 Dec;26(8):1460-7.

Analysis of wear patterns in retrieved polyethylene tibial inserts using micro-computed tomography. Teeter, M., Brandt, J.-M., Naudie, D., Bohm, E.R., McCalden, R.W., Holdsworth, D.; Journal of Arthroplasty (submitted 2011).

Commissioning of a displacement-controlled knee wear simulator and exploration of some issues related to the lubricant. Brandt JM, Charron KD, Zhao L, MacDonald SJ, Medley JB. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2011 Aug;225(8):736-52.

Mass gain behaviour of tibial polyethylene inserts during soak testing.Brandt JM, Charron KD, MacDonald SJ, Medley JB. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2011 Mar;225(3):324-31.

In vitro quantification of wear in tibial inserts using microcomputed tomography. Teeter MG, Naudie DD, McErlain DD, Brandt JM, Yuan X, Macdonald SJ, Holdsworth DW. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Jan;469(1):107-12.

Delamination wear on two retrieved polyethylene inserts after gamma sterilization in nitrogen. Brandt JM, Medley JB, MacDonald SJ, Bourne RB. Knee. 2011 Mar;18(2):125-9.

Posterior surface damage on retrieved femoral knee components

Burnell CD, Brandt JM, Petrak MJ, Bourne RB
J Arthroplasty. 2011 Dec;26(8):1460-7.

A multiple-bundle model to characterize the mechanical behavior of the cruciate ligaments. Amiri, S., Cooke, T.D.V., Wyss, U.P. 2011. The Knee, 18:34-41.

2010

Knee Kinematics of High-Flexion Activities of Daily Living Performed by Male Muslims in the Middle East. Acker, S., Cockburn, R.A., Krevolin, J., Li, R.M., Tarabichi, S., Wyss, U.P. 2010. J of Arthroplasty, 26:319-327.

Biochemical comparisons of osteoarthritic human synovial fluid with calf sera used in knee simulator wear testing. Brandt JM, Brière LK, Marr J, MacDonald SJ, Bourne RB, Medley JB. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2010 Sep 1;94(3):961-71.

2009

Hip stem fatigue test prediction Ploeg, H., Buergi, M., Wyss, U. 2009. . International Journal of Fatigue, 31 (5):985-905.

2008

Tibiofemoral joint contact forces and knee kinematics during squatting. Smith, S.M., Cockburn, R.A., Hemmerich, A., Li, R.M., Wyss, U.P. 2008. Gait and Posture, 27:376-386.

2007

Mechanics of the passive knee joint: Part II: Interaction between the ligaments and the articular surfaces in guiding the motion. Amiri, S., Cooke, T.D.V., Kim IY., Wyss, U.P. 2007. J Engineering in Medicine, 221(8):821-832.

Failure Analysis of a Ceramic Bearing Acetabular Component.Poggie RA, Turgeon TR, and Coutts RD: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89:367-375.

2006

The CDIO-based survey as a useful tool in the monitoring and evolution of the curriculum in the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering at Queen’s University, Canada. Wyss, U.P., Bryant, J.T., Kubrick, N., Mechefske, C., Oosthuizen, P.H., Strong, D., Surgenor, B.W. 2006. World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education, 5:255-258.

Mechanics of the passive knee joint. Part1: the role of the tibial articular surfaces in guiding the passive motion.Amiri, S., Cooke, D., Kim, IY., Wyss, U. 2006. J. Engineering in Medicine, 220(8):813-822.

Hip, knee, and ankle kinematics of high range of motion activities of daily living. Hemmerich, A., Brown, H., Smith, S., Marthandam, S.S.K. 2006. Wyss, U.P. JOR 770-781.

2005

Impact Loading of Articular Cartilage Transplantation of Osteochondral Autografts. Whiteside, R.A., Jakob, R.P., Wyss, U.P., Mainil-Varlet, P. 2005. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (B), 87(9): 1285-1291.

There are a variety of non-surgical treatment options that should be considered before proceeding with a joint replacement.

Weight Loss

For both the hip and the knee, the forces acting across the joint are a combination of body weight pressing down on the joint and the muscles pulling up to stabilize the joint. As these values combine, the hip and knee experience 3-4 times the body weight in pressure with each step. Loosing excess weight reduces the pressure on damaged joints and can relieve pain.

Physical Therapy

By stretching, strengthening and re-balancing the muscle- forces across the joint, the movement and control of the joint can be improve. Pain can also be improved with therapy in addition to the mobility of the joint.

Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) containing products can be very useful analgesics in arthritis. Given its low cost and good side effect profile, it is a good first-line drug for treating arthritis. It should be avoided in some patients with a history of liver disease and care should be taken not to exceed the total daily dose of 4gm per day. This is especially true when a patient takes multiple different medications that contain acetaminophen.

NSAIDs

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are medications that block the COX receptors on cells and reduce inflammation which can play a significant role in both osteoarthritis as well as other inflammatory arthridities such and rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Different versions of this type of drug have different side-effect profiles, but, in general, NSAIDS, when taken for extended periods, can play a role in stomach irritation, ulcers, and bleeding and kidney problems with elevated blood pressure. While these can be very helpful medications, their prolonged use should be done under the guidance of a physician.

Steroid Injections

Steroid injection (often referred to as a “cortisone shot”) is generally performed with a depot version of a corticosteroid that remains within the joint. Once in the joint, the steroid blunts the inflammation within the joint and can reduce the pain of the arthritis. This effect can last from a few days to 6 months. There is a small risk of infection with an injection which can be very debilitating and destructive if it were to happen. The risk of infection is less than 1%. There is no agreed upon number as to how many times an injection can be repeated if the most recent injection had benefit for multiple months. Most agree that multiple injections can be offered, the whether a limit should exist or how high the limit may be is unknown.

Unloader Bracing

As arthritis progresses in the knee and joint space is lost, the leg becomes more bow-legged or knock-kneed. As this collapse occurs, increased load is applied to the already diseased and damaged section of the joint. By applying and unloader brace, the leg can be straightened and the load shifted back onto the more healthy area of cartilage remaining. This can reduce pain and suffering during activities such as walking, shopping and yard-work.

Viscosupplement Injection

Viscosupplement injections inject a purified, viscous fluid into the joint. The injection frequently includes components of normal healthy joint fluid known to be reduced in arthritis. While the exact mechanism of benefit is not known, many patients, especially with early arthritis, can benefit from these injections for a variable period of time.

Walking Aid

Many patients find the use of a cane, walking stick or walker to reduce their pain. By transferring weight to the walking aid, the effected joint can be off-loaded reducing the pain experienced and improving the distance that a patient can walk.